CUPPTUNE

C - Continuity: Stories that are already in news continue to run are updated.
U - Unexpectedness: An event that is a shock or out of the ordinary.
P - Personalisation: Stories that include human interest.
P - Proximity: Stories that are closer to home.
T - Threshold: The bigger the impact and reach of the story.
U - Unambiguous: Stories that are easy to understand.
N - Negativity: Bad news is more interesting.
E - Elite Persons: Stories about important people and powerful nations.

Newspaper Language

Types of Newspaper:

- Broadsheet - eg. Guardian
- Tabloid - eg. The Sun
- Mid Market - eg. Daily Mail

Types of News:

- Soft - Weather, Celeb Gossip etc.
- Hard - Attacks, Deaths, War etc

Tabloid vs Broadsheet vs Mid-Market

	Guardian	Daily Mirror
Who was involved?	Dead Baby Gabriel. Bidhya Sagar Das (Murderer) Mihal Manea (Neighbour)	Bidhya Sagar Das (Murderer) Cristinela Das (Mother) Gabriel (Dead baby)
What Happened?	Bidhya got his hammer. Twin seriously injured whilst one dead Neighbour claimed saw mother run across street whilst screaming “My Kids!!” Police were called at 11.10pm Boy pronounced dead at 1am	Baby dead at early hours of day Bidhya, 33, ‘dad’ was arrested
Where Did It Happen?	Finsbury Park, North London	Hackney, north London
When Did It Happen?	Police were called at 11.10pm Boy pronounced dead at 1am	11pm Saturday
How Did It Happen?	Bidhya was too jealous. Hammer went into baby Baby went to sleep…	Bidhya has mental problem Hammer from back of 3 story building
Why Did It Happen?	Bidhya was too jealous	Jealous

News Industries Research (10 Questions)

1. Amount of Advertising has halved since 2007 because:

- More expensive
- decreasing revenue
- Harder to find people who can advertise your industry

2. 

- ABC (Audit Broadcasting of Circulations is a non-profit organisation owned and also developed by the industry of media.

3.
- I think that all Sunday newspapers sell more compared to other days due to more people having free time to actually buy the newspapers, where they would be working on the other days so they wouldn't be able to buy them.

4.
- The leading broadsheet is Daily telegraph, the leading tabloid is the sun and the leading mid market is The daily mail.

5.
- The Daily mail is the 2nd most popular paper. In comparison, the Guardian is to be shown as in the lower ends of the scale. This may be due to Guardian obtaining a niche audience that is appealing to the paper, the Daily Mail is a Mid-market tabloid, therefore, it has content of both broadsheets and tabloids together, attracting all audiences.

6.
- The Guardian Media group is owned by the Scott Trust, a private company. Scott Trust aim to ensure the financial and editorial independence of the Guardian.They aim for all papers values to be honest and fair with all articles that the reader will read. Because of this, the independence of most news stories and ideas attract a varied audience.

7.
- It is argued that the most important brand identity is about the online websites. This is because a large majority of commuters and other people have technological devices, such as laptops and tablets, that may not be able to download the application therefore it is easier to access the internet.

8.
- The UK newspapers have previously been viewed as the least trusted in Europe, according to the EBU. They took surveys from the public, 1000 in fact, and they found out that in each of 33 European countries for it's Trust in Media report, the UK is the least trusted written press of any European country.

9.
- The Independent Press Standards Organisations (IPSO) are the regulators for most of the UK's newspapers and magazines. They hold newspapers and magazines to account for their actions, protect individual rights, uphold high standards of journalism and maintain freedom of expression for the press. They make sure that member newspapers and magazines follow the editors code.

10.
- Advertising revenue for UK newspapers has gained sales for the first time in over than seven years. Display ads saw revenue growth of 1% year on year in the first quarter of 2018, putting it at a total of £152.6m for the period.

George Gerbner

Exposure to repeated pattern of representations over long periods of time can shape and influence the way, which people perceive the world around them.

Tabloid vs Broadsheet vs Mid Market

This Tabloid shows a variation of photos and colour,            attempting to catch the audience's eye. The typography has a large, yellow font for the main headline. This shows how the company wants the audience to see a variation of articles, put into one page for the audience to find the relevant page inside to view the whole article. This also shows an informal style of newspaper that shows the audience a title to attract them inside the paper, for them to later flick through and view each article.

 This broadsheet shows one photo for an article, supplied with the main headline which has a large, black font. Similar to a tabloid, this style of font also is a common way to attract the audience but instead it uses an over dramatic presence to scare the reader into finding out more information to see what is actually happening. This is more formal, compared to a tabloid, which attracts its audience of the older generation.

This Mid-market tabloid shows a photo of Donald J Trump and how some people follow his thoughts whilst agreeing with his opinion. They main headline is rather small in comparison to the tabloid and broadsheet as it presents all information needed within the front cover, still providing the audience with a photo to backup any evidence found. This has been laid out in a more formal style, in comparison to a tabloid.

Advantages and Disadvantage of Online News

Advantages:

- Environmentally friendly
- Live Updates
- Your own personal account to choose topics
- Personalizing it
- Accessibility
- phones, tablets, pc, more practical
- Free (Paywalls daily telegraph, The Times)
- Contact Papers Quickly
- Comments on news stories
- audience participation
- More interaction, video
- Easy to Share

 Disadvantages:

- Holding something
- Internet required
- Can't keep the story
- Less Accessible for older generations
- Much more information in newspapers
- Website crashes, technical errors
- Pop ups
- Eye Strain

Analysis of 2 Front Covers

The Daily Mirror shows how Bruce Forsyth reported that the NHS saved his life. The Daily mirror decided to choose a large, blank, bold font to portray to the reader that the NHS is a great thing and you should never underestimate it. The main headline is supplied with a photo of Bruce and also a quote that he said to reporters. This choice of photo shows that Bruce is now happy after coming out of the NHS and has thanked them. Linking to Grebner's theory, this main headline shows to the reader how the NHS is amazing and you should always use it when needed.

In comparison, The Sunday Express states how the NHS are not doing their jobs by starving patients that end up dying. The Sunday Express chose it present this story by just using the main headline with no additional photos, so all they reader gets the see is the horrific figure. This relates to the theory Grebner because the reader only gathers negative and partially false information without the knowledge of why this is an occurrence.

This contrasts each newspaper how the NHS are saving but also not saving lives. This relates to Gerbner's theory that many papers will review the same story, concluding the same review even when there are many stories that are opposite them.

Newspaper Definitions

Website Comparison

	The Sun (70p)	The Times (£1.40)	The daily Mirror (£0.70)
Owned By	Currently it is owned by Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp.	News UK	Trinity Mirror
Audience	The Sun’s audience is a middle class aged roughly aged between 15 and 44.	Majority of its audience is Adults aged 15+, consisting of ABC1 Adults or Adults 35+	The Daily Mirror are known to contain a premium audience of working class people aged between 18-30.
Online	96%, according to surveys, view the Sun over the internet on their phones	The Times can be accessed online as well on its Twitter page where they post a small amount of its articles for its audience to view.	The Daily Mirror can easily be accessed online where most of its audience comment on various articles.
Circulation	1,481,876 – Mar 2018	435,061 – Nov 2017	567,442 – Apr 2018
Political Alignment	Conservative	Conservative	Labour

Representation in a Music Video

This video represents how the American stereotypes is viewed people people both inside and outside of the border.

This is America also shows the race stereotype within the background throughout the entire music video.black people fighting and breaking cars

At 1:40 during the music video, it cuts to a choir dancing and singing which leads the main character to walk in the side who, likewise, begins to dance to their song, making this a very jolly scene. However, this instantly fades to a fatal scene when the main character is handed a gun from someone off-screen and proceeds to shoot everyone in the choir. This represents how the American media are trying to brainwash their audience thinking that gun violence is okay and acceptable. This can also be interpreted from people who live outside America who think America is stereotyped as a country that resorts to gun violence and they use it way too much. This also occurs at the beginning of the song at 0:52 in the music video, where the main character is all happy and dancing and then pulls out a pistol and he shoots someone who is already been covered in a cloth-like material which makes the drop in the song.

Representation Notes.

Stereotypes:
- Media industries use stereotypes, which are usually repeated so we believe they're normal/true

Archetypes:
- 'Ultimate' stereotypes e.g. White stiletto wearing, big busted, brainless blonde bimbos

Counter-Type:
- Challenges tradition stereo-typically associations of groups

Representation:
- The way in which people, events and ideas are presented to the audience
- The media takes something that is already there and represents it to us in the way that they choose.
- They are created by producers of media texts
- What they choose to present to us is controlled by gatekeepers.

Gatekeepers:
- Any person involved in a media production with the power to make a decision about something the audience are allowed to.

Stuart Hall

His theory represents stereotypes in the media industry.